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Bio Lecture week 1

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Termini in questo insieme (43)

  • Biology

    The scientific study of life.

  • Organism

    An individual living thing. A bacterium, plant, animal, or fungus can all be organisms

  • Cell

    The basic unit of life. All living organisms are made of one or more cells.

  • DNA

    The molecule that contains an organism's genetic information. Think of it as biological instructions.

  • Gene

    A section of DNA containing information that can influence an organism's traits.

  • Energy

    The ability to do work. Living things need energy to grow, reproduce, and carry out life processes.

  • Metabolism

    All of the chemical reactions occurring within an organism

  • Homeostasis

    Maintaining relatively stable internal conditions even when the outside environment changes.

  • Reproduction

    The biological process through which organisms produce offspring.

  • Adaptation

    An inherited characteristic that helps organisms survive and reproduce in a particular environment.

  • Evolution

    Changes in populations over generations. Evolution helps explain both the similarities and diversity of life.

  • Natural Selection

    A major mechanism of evolution in which individuals with certain inherited traits are more likely to survive and reproduce.

  • Population

    A group of individuals of the same species living in the same area

  • Species

    A group of organisms that can reproduce with one another and produce fertile offspring

  • Biodiversity

    The variety of living organisms and biological systems on Earth.

  • What are the 5 unifying themes of biology?

    Organization, Information, Energy & Matter, Interactions, and Evolution.

  • Organization

    Biological systems have different levels of organization, from molecules and cells to organisms and ecosystems

  • Information

    Living things store and transmit biological information, especially through DNA.

  • Energy & Matter

    Living things require energy and matter to carry out life's processes.

  • Interactions

    Parts of biological systems interact with one another and with their environment.

  • Evolution — Unifying Theme

    Evolution explains both the unity and diversity of life and connects many different areas of biology.

  • Structure and Function

    In biology, the way something is built often relates to the job it performs

  • Scientific Inquiry

    The process scientists use to ask questions and investigate the natural world.

  • Observation

    Information gathered by observing or measuring something.

  • Hypothesis

    A testable explanation for an observation or scientific question.

  • Prediction

    What you expect to happen if a hypothesis is correct.

  • Experiment

    A controlled test used to investigate a hypothesis.

  • Independent Variable

    The factor the researcher changes.

  • Dependent Variable

    The factor the researcher measures

  • Controlled Variable

    A factor that is kept the same during an experiment.

  • Control Group

    A comparison group that does not receive the experimental treatment.

  • Data

    Information collected during an investigation.

  • Qualitative Data

    Descriptive information rather than numerical measurements.

  • Quantitative Data

    Information expressed using numbers or measurements.

  • Conclusion

    An interpretation of the results that explains whether the evidence supports the hypothesis.

  • Scientific Theory

    A broad explanation supported by a large amount of scientific evidence. A scientific theory is not simply a guess.

  • What is the basic unit of life?

    the cell

  • Why is evolution considered a unifying concept in biology?

    Because it helps explain both the similarities and differences among living organisms and how populations change over time.

  • A scientist changes the amount of light a plant receives. What is the independent variable?

    Amount of light, because that's what the scientist changed.

  • The scientist then measures plant growth. What is the dependent variable?

    Plant growth, because that's what was measured.

  • What molecule carries genetic information?

    DNA

  • Does a hypothesis have to be correct?

    No. It needs to be testable. Evidence can support or fail to support it.

  • What's the difference between a hypothesis and a theory?

    A hypothesis is a specific testable explanation. A scientific theory is a broad explanation supported by extensive evidence.