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Indietro

Exam 1

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Termini in questo insieme (60)

  • Climate

    long-term weather pattern in a region

  • Abiotic

    nonliving, chemical & physical attributes to of an environment

  • Biotic

    living organism that are a component to an ecosystem

  • Ecology

    study of relationships between living organisms

  • Organism

    an individual animal, plant, or single-celled life form

  • Population

    individuals of one species inhabiting a specific geographic area

  • Community

    groups of interacting species populations in a specific area/habitat

  • Landscape

    an area containing several different ecosystems linked by exchanges of energy, materials, & organisms

  • Biosphere

    entire portion of earth inhabited by life; sum of all the plant's ecosystems

  • Biome

    any of the world's major ecosystem types

  • Climograph

    visual graph that shows the yearly monthly averages for two main weather factors

  • Distrubance

    a storm, fire, or human activity

  • Photic Zone

    where light penetrates sufficiently for photosynthesis to occur

  • Aphotic Zone

    beneath the photic zone, light does not penetrate for photosynthesis to occur

  • Limnetic

    open water, close to shore of an ocean, lake, or river

  • Thermocline

    abrupt temperature change in the ocean

  • Dispersal

    movement of individuals or gametes away from their original location

  • Density

    # of individuals per unit area or volume

  • Immigration

    influx of individuals into a population from other area

  • Emmigration

    leaving one's own habitat with the intent of moving to a different one

  • Interspecific interactions

    a relationship between individuals of two or more species in a community

  • Competition

    individuals of a different species competing for a resource

  • Competitive Exclusion

    populations of two similar species compete for the same limited resources

  • Ecological Niche

    species' use of biotic and abiotic resources in its environment

  • Resource partitioning

    division of environmental resources by coexisting species

  • Exploitation

    when one species benefits by feeding on another species

  • Predation

    one species, the predator, kills and eats an individuals of another species, the prey

  • Batesian mimicry

    when a harmless species resembles a harmful species

  • Herbivory

    when one species eats parts of plants/alga, harming usually but not killing it

  • Parasitism

    when one organism, the parasite, lives on/inside another organism, the host, causing some harm

  • Mutualism

    both species can survive alone

  • Commensalism

    benefits one species without harming the other

  • Species diversity

    number and relative abundance of species in a biological community

  • Species richness

    # of species in a biological community

  • Relative abundance

    proportional abundance of different species in a community

  • Biomass

    total mass of organic matter comprising a group of organisms in a particular habitat

  • Introduced species

    species moved by humans from its native location

  • Trophic Structure

    feeding behaviors between organisms in a community

  • Food chain

    links trophic levels from producers to top carnivores

  • Trophic level

    position an organism occupies in a food chain

  • Food web

    interconnected feeding relationships in an ecosystem

  • Foundation species

    species that has strong effects on its community because of its large size

  • Keystone species

    control by their ecological roles rather than abundance

  • Ecosystem engineers

    an organism that influences community structure by causing physical changes in the environment

  • Disturbance

    a storm, fire, or human activity

  • Ecological succession

    sequential change in a community composition during colonization

  • Primary succession

    restart after high level disturbance

  • Secondary succession

    restart after intermediate level disturbance

  • Law of conservation of mass

    matter can change form but cannot be created or destroyed

  • Primary producer

    autotroph, a photosynthetic organism

  • Primary consumer

    an herbivore; that eats plants or other autotrophs

  • Teritary consumer

    carnivores, eat secondary consumers

  • Decomposer

    an organism that absorbs nutrients from nonliving organic material like corpses, fallen plant material, and poop

  • Biogeochemical cycle

    any of the various chemical cycles that involve biotic and abiotic components of ecosystems

  • Pathogens

    an organism or virus that causes disease

  • Water cycle

    main two are evaporation, and precipitation

  • What is happening between carbon hydrogen a d oxygen during cellular respiration

    cellular respiration and photosynthesis

  • Phosph. Cycle

    wethering of rocks is important since phosph. is stored in rocks

  • Explain how the sun's unequal heating of Earth's surface leads to the development of deserts around 30 degrees north and south of the equator

    High temps evaporate water and cause warm, moist air to rise. The remaining dry air descends at 30 degrees north and south of, causing deserts.

  • Why are phytoplankton, and not benthic algae or rooted aquatic plants, the dominant photosynthetic organisms of the oceanic pelagic zone

    There is too little light to support the benthic algae or rooted plants because they are located too far from where light penetrates which is needed to support photosynthesis.