IndietroGeneral Biology: Cell Structure and Organelles
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Termini in questo insieme (42)
The liquid fluid portion of the cytoplasm.
A type of cell with a membrane-bound nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
A type of cell lacking a membrane-bound nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
The interior of the cell, excluding the nucleus.
A dense region in a prokaryotic cell where DNA is located.
A phospholipid bilayer that forms a boundary of every cell, controlling the passage of substances.
The outside area of a three-dimensional object.
The inside space of a three-dimensional object.
Contains most of the genes in a eukaryotic cell and is enclosed by a double membrane.
A double membrane that separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm.
A specialized structure in the nucleus involved in ribosomal RNA synthesis and ribosome assembly.
A complex made of ribosomal RNA and proteins that synthesizes proteins.
Ribosomes floating freely in the cytoplasm, producing proteins for use within the cell.
Ribosomes attached to the endoplasmic reticulum, producing proteins for export or membrane insertion.
A collection of membranes inside a eukaryotic cell that divides the cell into functional compartments.
Membrane-bound sacs that transport materials within the cell.
Part of the endoplasmic reticulum that lacks ribosomes and synthesizes lipids.
Part of the endoplasmic reticulum studded with ribosomes, involved in protein synthesis.
A membrane-bound organelle containing enzymes that digest macromolecules and old organelles.
A large vacuole in plant cells that stores water, nutrients, and waste products.
The specialized single membrane that surrounds the central vacuole in plant cells.
An organelle in eukaryotic cells that produces ATP through cellular respiration.
An organelle in plant cells that conducts photosynthesis to convert light energy into chemical energy.
An organelle that contains enzymes to break down fatty acids and detoxify harmful substances.
A network of protein fibers that maintain cell shape, secure organelles, and enable cell movement.
Hollow rods made of tubulin that shape the cell and guide organelle movement.
Thin rods made of actin that support the cell's shape and enable movement.
Fibers that provide mechanical support for the plasma membrane and nuclear envelope.
Long cellular appendages that aid in movement.
Short hair-like structures that move fluid over the cell surface or enable cell movement.
Golgi apparatus
A warehouse for receiving, sorting, shipping and even some manufacturing
Vacuoles
Large vesicles derived from the ER and Golgi apparatus making them an integral part of a cells endomembrane system
Centrosome
A region that is often located near the nuclear where microtubules grow out of
Centriole
A structure in the centrosome of an animal cell composed of a cylinder of microtubule triplets arranged in a “9+0” pattern. A centrosome has a pair
Cell wall
A protective layer external to the plasma membrane in the cells of plants, prokaryotes, fungi, and some protists
Extra cellular matrix (ECM)
The mesh work surrounding animal cells, consisting of glycoproteins, polysaccharides, and proteoglycans synthesized and secreted by a cell
Collagen
The most abundant glycoprotein in the ECM of most animal cells that forms strong fibers outside the cells
Integrins
Cell-surface receptor proteins that are built into the plasma membrane. They transmit signals between the ECM and the cytoskeleton
Plasmodesmata
An open channel through the cell wall that connects the cytoplasm to adjacent plant cells, allowing things to pass between cells
Tight junctions
When plasma membranes are pressed tightly against each other, they seal and prevent leakages
Desmosomes
Function like rivets, fastening cells into strong sheets
Gap junctions
Provide cytoplasmic channels from one cell to an adjacent cell and in this way are similar to plasmodesmata in plants