IndietroGeneral Biology Exam 1
05:03
Termini in questo insieme (65)
A testable explanation for an observation.
The variable changed on purpose in an experiment.
The variable measured in an experiment.
Factors that are kept constant during an experiment.
The group that does not receive the experimental treatment.
It must be testable and falsifiable.
When the data does not support it.
To isolate the effect of one variable.
Organization, metabolism, homeostasis, growth, reproduction, response, evolution.
Domain → Kingdom → Phylum → Class → Order → Family → Genus → Species.
Protons and neutrons in the nucleus; electrons in shells; valence electrons in outer shell.
Electrons in the outermost shell that determine bonding.
Sharing electrons between atoms.
Transfer of electrons between atoms.
A weak attraction between polar molecules.
Same element with a different number of neutrons.
Unequal sharing of electrons; has partial charges.
Equal sharing of electrons; no charge difference.
Water-fearing; nonpolar molecules.
Water-loving; polar molecules.
Monosaccharides.
Amino acids.
Nucleotides.
Fatty acids and glycerol.
The linear sequence of amino acids.
Coils and folds like α-helix and β-sheet.
The 3-D shape of a single polypeptide chain.
Multiple polypeptide chains working together.
Builds polymers by removing water.
Breaks polymers by adding water.
A protein that speeds up chemical reactions.
Temperature, pH, and substrate concentration.
DNA is double-stranded; RNA is single-stranded.
The cell’s energy molecule.
Prokaryotes lack a nucleus; eukaryotes have a nucleus.
Stores DNA and makes ribosomes.
Produces ATP, the cell’s energy.
Protein synthesis.
Protein folding and processing.
Lipid synthesis and detoxification.
Modifies, sorts, and ships proteins.
Digestion and waste removal.
Structural support and movement within the cell.
To maintain a high surface-area-to-volume ratio for efficient exchange.
Ribosome → ER → Golgi → destination.
Hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails forming the cell membrane.
Membrane with moving lipids and floating proteins.
Movement of molecules from high to low concentration without energy.
Diffusion through a protein channel without energy.
Movement of molecules using ATP energy.
Diffusion of water toward solutes.
The cell shrinks due to water loss.
The cell swells due to water gain.
No net change in cell volume.
Pumps 3 Na+ out and 2 K+ in using ATP.
Bringing materials into the cell.
Releasing materials out of the cell.
Small, nonpolar molecules.
Large or charged molecules.
Difference in concentration across space.
Creates a seal between cells.
Anchors cells together.
Allows communication between cells.
In the intestinal lining.
To connect and communicate between cells.