IndietroGeneral Biology: Inside the Cell
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Termini in questo insieme (20)
The cell is the basic unit of life in all living organisms.
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are the two main types.
Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells have both.
The plasma membrane controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
Cytoplasm is the jelly-like fluid inside the cell where organelles are suspended.
Ribosomes synthesize proteins by translating messenger RNA.
The nucleus stores genetic material (DNA) and controls cell activities.
The ER is a network of membranes involved in protein and lipid synthesis; rough ER has ribosomes, smooth ER does not.
The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for transport.
Mitochondria are the "powerhouses" of the cell because they generate ATP through cellular respiration.
The cytoskeleton provides structural support and helps with cell movement and transport within the cell.
Plant cells have a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a large central vacuole; animal cells do not.
Chloroplasts conduct photosynthesis to convert light energy into chemical energy in plant cells.
The cell wall provides rigidity and protection to plant cells.
A vacuole stores nutrients, waste products, and helps maintain turgor pressure in plant cells.
Lysosomes contain enzymes that digest cellular waste and foreign materials.
The fluid mosaic model describes the plasma membrane as a flexible layer made of lipids and proteins.
Membrane proteins assist in transport, signal transduction, and cell recognition.
Diffusion is the passive movement of molecules from high to low concentration across the membrane.
Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.