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General Biology Key Concepts

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  • Biosphere

    The global sum of all ecosystems; the zone of life on Earth where all living organisms exist.

  • Cell

    The basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms.

  • Community

    All the populations of different species living and interacting in a particular area.

  • Controlled Experiment

    An experiment where only one variable is changed at a time to test its effect while others are kept constant.

  • Data

    Recorded observations and measurements collected during an experiment.

  • Dependent Variable

    The variable that is measured and affected in an experiment; it depends on the independent variable.

  • Domain

    The highest taxonomic rank in biological classification, grouping organisms based on fundamental differences.

  • Ecosystem

    A community of living organisms interacting with their physical environment.

  • Emergent Properties

    New properties that arise at each level of biological organization that are not present at the preceding level.

  • Experiment

    A scientific test carried out to support or refute a hypothesis.

  • Hypothesis

    A testable explanation for a scientific question or observation.

  • Independent Variable

    The variable that is deliberately changed or manipulated in an experiment.

  • Molecule

    A group of atoms bonded together representing the smallest unit of a chemical compound.

  • Organ

    A structure composed of different tissues working together to perform a specific function.

  • Organ System

    A group of organs that work together to perform complex body functions.

  • Organelle

    A specialized structure within a cell that performs a specific function.

  • Organism

    An individual living entity capable of independent life.

  • Population

    A group of individuals of the same species living in a specific area.

  • Theory

    A well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world, based on a body of evidence.

  • Tissue

    A group of similar cells that work together to perform a specific function.