IndietroGenetics: From Genes to Traits
08:09
Termini in questo insieme (20)
Pair of chromosomes, one from each parent, that carry the same genes.
DNA segment containing instructions for a trait or protein.
Specific location of a gene on a chromosome.
Different versions of the same gene found at the same locus.
The allele combination an individual has for a gene, e.g., FF, Ff, ff.
The observable trait that results from the genotype.
Heterozygous: two different alleles (Ff). Homozygous: two identical alleles (FF or ff).
Separates alleles during Anaphase 2 so each gamete receives only one allele for a gene.
Tool to organize possible gametes from each parent and predict offspring allele combinations.
Cross between parents heterozygous for one gene, e.g., Ff x Ff, showing genotypic ratio 1:2:1 and phenotypic ratio 3:1.
1 FF : 2 Ff : 1 ff
3 with dominant trait : 1 with recessive trait (e.g., freckles : no freckles).
Alleles for one gene separate independently of alleles for another gene during gamete formation.
Cross tracking two traits simultaneously, e.g., FfWw x FfWw, producing a 9:3:3:1 phenotypic ratio.
9:3:3:1 for two independently assorting traits from heterozygous parents.
Chart tracking trait inheritance in families to identify dominant or recessive patterns.
Trait appears in every generation and affected individuals have at least one affected parent.
Trait can skip generations; affected individuals may have unaffected parents who are carriers.
Both alleles are fully expressed in heterozygotes, e.g., ABO blood type with IAIB genotype showing both A and B antigens.
Three alleles: IA, IB, and i. IA and IB are codominant; i is recessive.