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Mitosis and Cell Division Basics

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Termini in questo insieme (19)

  • What happens during Prophase?

    The cell packs up its DNA into tightly coiled chromosomes that look like dark X-shaped squiggles inside the nucleus.

  • How do chromosomes appear during Prophase?

    As a messy ball of yarn; loose DNA condenses into clear, dark, X-shaped chromosomes.

  • What is the main event in Metaphase?

    Chromosomes line up in a neat single-file line across the cell's equator to ensure equal splitting.

  • What does the chromosome arrangement look like in Metaphase?

    A straight line down the middle of the cell with spindle fibers attached to each chromosome.

  • What occurs during Anaphase?

    The sister chromatids are pulled apart and dragged toward opposite sides of the cell.

  • How do chromosomes look during Anaphase?

    They snap in half into V-shaped chromatids being pulled away like opposing teams in tug-of-war.

  • What happens in Telophase?

    The cell pinches in the middle and forms two new nuclei around the separated DNA bundles.

  • Describe the appearance of the cell during Telophase.

    It looks like a peanut with two dark spots, each spot being a new nucleus forming.

  • What is Chromatin?

    DNA in its loose, uncoiled form during normal cell life (Interphase), resembling loose spaghetti.

  • What is a Chromosome?

    Tightly packed and coiled DNA in an X shape, formed during Prophase to protect DNA during movement.

  • Define Sister Chromatid.

    One identical half of a duplicated chromosome; each arm of the X after it splits in Anaphase.

  • What is the Centromere?

    The sticky button holding two sister chromatids together in the middle to form the X shape.

  • What is the Centrosome (Centriole)?

    The cell's anchors that move to opposite ends during mitosis to steer chromosome movement.

  • What is the Mitotic Spindle?

    Microscopic fibers (microtubules) that grow from centrosomes, attach to chromosomes, and pull them apart.

  • What is the Kinetochore?

    The specific anchor point on the centromere where spindle fibers attach during mitosis.

  • Summarize the key feature of Prophase.

    Chromosomes become packed and visible as X-shaped structures.

  • Summarize the key feature of Metaphase.

    Chromosomes align in the middle of the cell in a straight line.

  • Summarize the key feature of Anaphase.

    Sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles of the cell.

  • Summarize the key feature of Telophase.

    Two new nuclei form as the cell begins to divide.