Ch. 13 - Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Campbell - Campbell Biology 12th Edition

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Urry 12th Edition

Ch. 13 - Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Problema 4

Capitolo 13, Problema 4

If the DNA content of a diploid cell in the G1 phase of the cell cycle is x, then the DNA content of the same cell at metaphase of meiosis I will be
a. 0.25x
b. 0.5x
c. x
d. 2x

Guida verificata passo dopo passo

Understand the cell cycle phases: In the G1 phase, the cell is diploid with a DNA content of x. During the S phase, DNA replication occurs, doubling the DNA content to 2x.

Recognize the stages of meiosis: Meiosis consists of two divisions, meiosis I and meiosis II. Meiosis I is where homologous chromosomes are separated.

Focus on metaphase of meiosis I: At this stage, the cell has completed DNA replication, so the DNA content is still 2x, but homologous chromosomes are aligned at the metaphase plate.

Consider the chromosome number: Although the DNA content is 2x, the cell is preparing to divide into two cells, each with a haploid set of chromosomes.

Conclude the DNA content at metaphase of meiosis I: Since the DNA has been replicated but not yet divided, the DNA content remains at 2x during metaphase of meiosis I.

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Cell Cycle Phases

The cell cycle consists of stages that a cell goes through to divide and replicate. G1 phase is the first gap phase where the cell grows and prepares for DNA replication. Understanding the DNA content during different phases, such as G1 and metaphase, is crucial for determining changes in DNA quantity during cell division processes like meiosis.

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Phases of The Krebs Cycle

Meiosis I

Meiosis I is the first division in meiosis, where homologous chromosomes are separated into two daughter cells. During metaphase I, chromosomes align at the metaphase plate, and the cell is still diploid, containing two sets of chromosomes. This phase is essential for understanding how DNA content changes as cells prepare to divide.

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Meiosis I

DNA Content in Meiosis

DNA content changes during meiosis as cells undergo division. In the G1 phase, a diploid cell has a DNA content of x. By metaphase of meiosis I, the cell has duplicated its DNA during the preceding S phase, resulting in a DNA content of 2x, as homologous chromosomes are paired but not yet separated.

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Meiosis I & Meiosis II

Pratica correlata

Domanda del libro di testo

A human cell containing 22 autosomes and a Y chromosome is

a. A sperm

b. An egg

c. A zygote

d. A somatic cell of a male

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Domanda del libro di testo

The diagram shows a cell in meiosis. Label the appropriate structures with these terms: chromosome (label as duplicated or unduplicated), centromere, kinetochore, sister chromatids, nonsister chromatids, homologous pair (use a bracket when labeling), homolog (label each one), chiasma, sister chromatid cohesion, and gene loci, labeling the alleles of the F and H genes.

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Domanda del libro di testo

Meiosis II is similar to mitosis in that

a. Sister chromatids separate during anaphase

b. DNA replicates before the division

c. The daughter cells are diploid

d. Homologous chromosomes synapse

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Domanda del libro di testo

The two homologs of a pair move toward opposite poles of the dividing cell during