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Which of the following is the correct method to determine the number of valence electrons in a main-group element?
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10. Periodic Properties of the Elements
Valence Electrons of Elements
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How many valence electrons occupy sigma-bond orbitals in a single covalent bond between two atoms?
A
2
B
0
C
4
D
1
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Understand that a single covalent bond between two atoms is formed by the overlap of atomic orbitals, creating a sigma (\(\sigma\)) bond.
Recall that each atom contributes one electron to the bond, so the total number of electrons in the bond is the sum of these contributions.
Recognize that these electrons occupy the sigma-bond molecular orbital formed by the overlap, which is a bonding orbital.
Since each bond involves two electrons, the number of valence electrons occupying the sigma-bond orbital in a single covalent bond is 2.
Therefore, the correct answer corresponds to the number of electrons shared in the sigma bond, which is 2.
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