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General Chemistry: Matter and Measurements

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Termini in questo insieme (13)

  • What is matter?

    Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space.

  • What are the three common states of matter?

    The three states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas.

  • What defines a pure substance?

    A pure substance has a fixed composition and cannot be separated by physical means.

  • What is an element?

    An element is a pure substance that cannot be broken down by chemical means.

  • What is a compound?

    A compound is made of two or more elements chemically combined, like water (\(H_2O\)) or carbon dioxide (\(CO_2\)).

  • How are elements organized in the periodic table?

    Elements are organized by increasing atomic number in the periodic table.

  • What subatomic particles make up an atom?

    Atoms contain protons, neutrons, and electrons.

  • Where are protons, neutrons, and electrons located in an atom?

    Protons and neutrons are in the nucleus; electrons orbit the nucleus.

  • What is an ionic bond?

    An ionic bond forms when electrons transfer from a metal to a nonmetal.

  • What is a covalent bond?

    A covalent bond forms when atoms share pairs of electrons.

  • What are the SI base units for length, mass, time, temperature, and amount of substance?

    Length: meter, mass: kilogram, time: second, temperature: kelvin, amount of substance: mole.

  • What do significant figures express in a measurement?

    Significant figures express the precision of a measurement.

  • How is density calculated?

    Density equals mass divided by volume: \(d=\frac{m}{V}\).