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Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution
Brown - Chemistry: The Central Science 14th Edition
Brown14th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780134414232Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 4, Problema 105d

Suppose you have 3.00 g of powdered zinc metal, 3.00g of powdered silver metal and 500.0 mL of a 0.2 M copper(II) nitrate solution. (d) What is the molarity of Cu2+ ions in the resulting solution?

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insert step 1> Calculate the moles of copper(II) nitrate in the solution using the formula: moles = molarity \(\times\) volume. Remember to convert the volume from mL to L.
insert step 2> Write the balanced chemical equations for the reactions of zinc and silver with copper(II) nitrate.
insert step 3> Determine the limiting reactant by calculating the moles of zinc and silver and comparing them to the stoichiometry of the reactions.
insert step 4> Calculate the moles of Cu^{2+} ions that react based on the limiting reactant and the stoichiometry of the reaction.
insert step 5> Subtract the moles of Cu^{2+} ions that reacted from the initial moles of Cu^{2+} ions to find the moles of Cu^{2+} ions remaining. Then, calculate the molarity of Cu^{2+} ions in the resulting solution by dividing the remaining moles by the total volume of the solution in liters.

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Molarity

Molarity is a measure of concentration defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. It is expressed in moles per liter (M). To calculate molarity, one must know the amount of solute in grams, convert it to moles using the molar mass, and then divide by the volume of the solution in liters.
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Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry involves the calculation of reactants and products in chemical reactions. It is based on the balanced chemical equation, which shows the ratio of moles of each substance involved. Understanding stoichiometry is essential for determining how much of each reactant is consumed and how much product is formed, which is crucial for calculating concentrations after a reaction.
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Stoichiometry Concept

Copper(II) Nitrate Dissociation

Copper(II) nitrate (Cu(NO3)2) dissociates in solution to release Cu2+ ions and nitrate ions (NO3-). The dissociation is complete in a strong electrolyte like copper(II) nitrate, meaning that the concentration of Cu2+ ions in the solution will be equal to the initial molarity of the copper(II) nitrate solution, assuming no other reactions consume the Cu2+ ions.
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Percent Dissociation Example
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(a) By titration, 15.0 mL of 0.1008 M sodium hydroxide is needed to neutralize a 0.2053-g sample of a weak acid. What is the molar mass of the acid if it is monoprotic?

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Suppose you have 3.00 g of powdered zinc metal, 3.00g of powdered silver metal and 500.0 mL of a 0.2 M copper(II) nitrate solution. (b) What is the net ionic equation that describes this reaction?

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(b) An elemental analysis of the acid indicates that it is composed of 5.89% H, 70.6% C, and 23.5% O by mass. What is its molecular formula?

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Suppose you have 3.00 g of powdered zinc metal, 3.00g of powdered silver metal and 500.0 mL of a 0.2 M copper(II) nitrate solution. (a) Which metal will react with the copper(II) nitrate solution?

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(c) If 18.65 mL of the caesium hydroxide solution was needed to neutralize a 42.3 mL aliquot of the hydroiodic acid solution, what is the concentration (molarity) of the acid?
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