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Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules, and Ions
Brown - Chemistry: The Central Science 15th Edition
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Tutti i libri di testoBrown 15th EditionCh.2 - Atoms, Molecules, and IonsProblema 62d
Capitolo 2, Problema 62d

Predict the chemical formulas of the compounds formed by the following pairs of ions: (d) Ca2+ and ClO3-

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Identify the charges on each ion: Calcium ion (Ca^{2+}) has a charge of +2, and chlorate ion (ClO_3^{-}) has a charge of -1.
To form a neutral compound, the total positive charge must balance the total negative charge.
Determine the ratio of ions needed to balance the charges. Since Ca^{2+} has a +2 charge and ClO_3^{-} has a -1 charge, you will need two ClO_3^{-} ions to balance one Ca^{2+} ion.
Write the chemical formula by placing the cation first followed by the anion, using subscripts to indicate the number of each ion needed. The formula will be Ca(ClO_3)_2.
Ensure the compound is neutral by checking that the total positive charge (+2 from one Ca^{2+}) equals the total negative charge (-2 from two ClO_3^{-}).

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Ionic Compounds

Ionic compounds are formed when positively charged ions (cations) and negatively charged ions (anions) combine. The electrostatic attraction between these oppositely charged ions results in the formation of a neutral compound. Understanding the charges of the ions involved is crucial for predicting the correct formula of the resulting compound.
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Ionic Compounds Naming

Charge Balance

In ionic compounds, the total positive charge must balance the total negative charge to achieve electrical neutrality. For example, if a cation has a charge of +2, it will require two anions with a charge of -1 each to balance the charges. This principle is essential for determining the correct stoichiometry of the ions in the compound.
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Formal Charge

Polyatomic Ions

Polyatomic ions are ions that consist of two or more atoms bonded together, carrying a net charge. In this case, ClO3- (chlorate) is a polyatomic ion with a -1 charge. Recognizing polyatomic ions and their charges is important for accurately predicting the formulas of compounds formed with other ions, such as Ca2+.
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Polyatomic Ion Variations
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