Domanda del libro di testo
How do mammals, including humans, solve the 'dosage problem' caused by the presence of an X and Y chromosome in one sex and two X chromosomes in the other sex?
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Ch. 5 - Sex Determination and Sex Chromosomes
Klug10th EditionEssentials of GeneticsISBN: 9780135588789
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TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch. 1 - Introduction to Genetics16
- Ch. 2 - Mitosis and Meiosis28
- Ch. 3 - Mendelian Genetics37
- Ch. 4 - Modification of Mendelian Ratios53
- Ch. 5 - Sex Determination and Sex Chromosomes32
- Ch. 6 - Chromosome Mutations: Variation in Number and Arrangement37
- Ch. 7 - Linkage and Chromosome Mapping in Eukaryotes36
- Ch. 8 - Genetic Analysis and Mapping in Bacteria and Bacteriophages24
- Ch. 9 - DNA Structure and Analysis38
- Ch. 10 - DNA Replication29
- Ch. 11 - Chromosome Structure and DNA Sequence Organization22
- Ch. 12 - The Genetic Code and Transcription36
- Ch. 13 - Translation and Proteins27
- Ch. 14 - Gene Mutation, DNA Repair, and Transposition34
- Ch. 15 - Regulation of Gene Expression in Bacteria22
- Ch. 16 - Regulation of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes37
- Ch. 17 - Recombinant DNA Technology27
- Ch. 18 - Genomics, Bioinformatics, and Proteomics30
- Ch. 19 - The Genetics of Cancer21
- Ch. 20 - Quantitative Genetics and Multifactorial Traits37
- Ch. 21 - Population and Evolutionary Genetics45
Klug10th EditionEssentials of GeneticsISBN: 9780135588789Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 5, Problema 9
Describe how nondisjunction in human female gametes can give rise to Klinefelter and Turner syndrome offspring following fertilization by a normal male gamete.
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Understand that nondisjunction is the failure of chromosome pairs to separate properly during meiosis, resulting in gametes with abnormal numbers of chromosomes.
Recognize that in human females, nondisjunction can occur during meiosis I or II, leading to eggs that either have two X chromosomes (XX) or no sex chromosome (O).
Consider fertilization by a normal male gamete, which always contributes one X or one Y chromosome.
For Klinefelter syndrome (typically XXY), an egg with two X chromosomes (due to nondisjunction) is fertilized by a sperm carrying a Y chromosome, resulting in an XXY zygote.
For Turner syndrome (typically XO), an egg with no sex chromosome (due to nondisjunction) is fertilized by a sperm carrying an X chromosome, resulting in an XO zygote.
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Nondisjunction
Nondisjunction is the failure of chromosome pairs to separate properly during meiosis, resulting in gametes with abnormal numbers of chromosomes. In females, this can occur during meiosis I or II, producing eggs with either an extra chromosome or missing one, which affects the chromosome number in the resulting zygote after fertilization.
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04:34
Allopolyploidy
Klinefelter Syndrome
Klinefelter syndrome occurs when a male inherits an extra X chromosome, resulting in a 47,XXY karyotype. This can happen if a female gamete with two X chromosomes (due to nondisjunction) is fertilized by a normal Y-bearing sperm, leading to the presence of an additional sex chromosome in the offspring.
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10:35Human Sex Chromosomes
Turner Syndrome
Turner syndrome arises when a female has only one X chromosome (45,X) due to the absence of a sex chromosome. This can result if a female gamete lacking an X chromosome (from nondisjunction) is fertilized by a normal X-bearing sperm, producing offspring with monosomy X and characteristic developmental features.
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10:35Human Sex Chromosomes
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An insect species is discovered in which the heterogametic sex is unknown. An X-linked recessive mutation for reduced wing (rw) is discovered. Contrast the F1 and F2 generations from a cross between a female with reduced wings and a male with normal-sized wings when the female is the heterogametic sex.
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An insect species is discovered in which the heterogametic sex is unknown. An X-linked recessive mutation for reduced wing (rw) is discovered. Contrast the F1 and F2 generations from a cross between a female with reduced wings and a male with normal-sized wings when the male is the heterogametic sex.
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