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Which of the following is NOT true of all respiratory surfaces?
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22. The Respiratory System
Introduction to Lung Physiology
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Which of the following occurs during inhalation?
A
The pressure inside the lungs increases above atmospheric pressure.
B
The diaphragm relaxes and moves upward.
C
The intercostal muscles relax, decreasing thoracic volume.
D
The diaphragm contracts and moves downward.
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Understand the process of inhalation: Inhalation is the process of drawing air into the lungs, which involves changes in pressure and volume within the thoracic cavity.
Identify the role of the diaphragm: During inhalation, the diaphragm, a dome-shaped muscle located at the base of the lungs, plays a crucial role by contracting and moving downward.
Recognize the effect on thoracic volume: As the diaphragm contracts and moves downward, the volume of the thoracic cavity increases, creating a negative pressure relative to the atmospheric pressure.
Consider the role of intercostal muscles: The external intercostal muscles also contract during inhalation, lifting the ribs and further increasing the thoracic volume.
Conclude the pressure changes: The increase in thoracic volume leads to a decrease in pressure inside the lungs, allowing air to flow in from the higher atmospheric pressure outside.
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