Sports physiologists at an Olympic training center wanted to monitor athletes to determine at what point their muscles were functioning anaerobically. They could do this by checking for a buildup of which of the following compounds?

In brewing beer, maltose (a disaccharide of glucose) is __________.

Muscle tissues make lactate from pyruvate to do which of the following?

In glycolysis in the absence of oxygen, cells need a way to regenerate which compound?

Fermentation is essentially glycolysis plus an extra step in which pyruvate is reduced to form lactate or alcohol and carbon dioxide. This last step __________.

Which metabolic pathway is common to both fermentation and cellular respiration of a glucose molecule? a. the citric acid cycle b. the electron transport chain c. glycolysis d. reduction of pyruvate to lactate

Which of the following correctly describe the fermentation pathway? Select True or False for each statement. T/FIt includes a reaction that oxidizes NADH to NAD+. T/FIt synthesizes ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation. T/FIt includes a reaction that reduces NAD+ to NADH. T/FIt synthesizes electron acceptors, so that cellular respiration can continue.

Which of the following is a distinction between cellular respiration and fermentation? a. the transfer of from intermediate substrates to ADP b. the movement of H+ across a membrane down its concentration gradient c. the splitting of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate d. electrons moving through the electron transport chain