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Ch. 3 Cells: The Living Units
Hoehn - Marieb Human Anatomy & Physiology, 12th edition
Hoehn, Haynes, Abbott12th EditionMarieb Human Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780138242732Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Tutti i libri di testoHoehn, Haynes, Abbott 12th EditionCh. 3 Cells: The Living UnitsProblema 11
Capitolo 3, Problema 11

Cells lining the trachea have whiplike motile extensions on their free surfaces. What are these extensions, what is their source, and what is their function?

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Identify the extensions described as 'whiplike motile extensions' on the free surface of tracheal cells. These are known as cilia.
Understand the source of these cilia: they are formed from the cell's cytoskeleton, specifically from microtubules arranged in a 9+2 pattern within the cell's plasma membrane.
Recognize that these cilia arise from basal bodies located just beneath the cell surface, which anchor and organize the microtubules.
Explain the function of the cilia: they beat rhythmically to move mucus and trapped particles upward toward the pharynx, helping to clear debris and pathogens from the respiratory tract.
Summarize that this ciliary action is a key component of the mucociliary escalator, an important defense mechanism in the respiratory system.

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Cilia

Cilia are microscopic, hair-like structures that extend from the surface of certain cells, such as those lining the trachea. They are motile, meaning they can move rhythmically to perform specific functions, primarily involved in moving substances across the cell surface.
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Cilia & Flagella

Origin of Cilia - Basal Bodies

Cilia arise from basal bodies, which are specialized organelles located just beneath the cell membrane. Basal bodies serve as the organizing centers for the microtubules that form the cilia’s internal structure, anchoring and initiating their growth.
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5:39
Origin and Insertion

Function of Tracheal Cilia

The primary function of cilia in the trachea is to move mucus and trapped particles upward toward the throat, helping to clear debris and pathogens from the respiratory tract. This action is essential for protecting the lungs and maintaining clear airways.
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Percorso guidato
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Cilia & Flagella
Pratica correlata
Domanda del libro di testo

The phase of mitosis during which centrioles reach the poles and chromosomes attach to the spindle is

a. Anaphase

b. Metaphase

c. Prophase

d. Telophase

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A physiologist observes that the concentration of sodium inside a cell is decidedly lower than that outside the cell. She also observes that there is a small leakage of sodium into the cell. What cellular process prevents the sodium concentration gradient from disappearing?

a. Osmosis

b. Diffusion

c. Primary active transport

d. Secondary active transport

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Domanda del libro di testo

A nerve cell and a lymphocyte are presumed to differ in their:

a. Specialized structure

b. Suppressed genes and embryonic history

c. Genetic information

d. a and b, e. a and c

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Domanda del libro di testo

The RNA species that travels from the nucleus to the cytoplasm carrying the coded message specifying the sequence of amino acids in the protein to be made is

a. mRNA

b. tRNA

c. rRNA

d. all of these

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Domanda del libro di testo

The RNA synthesized on one of the DNA strands is:

a. mRNA

b. tRNA

c. rRNA

d. all of these.

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Domanda del libro di testo

If DNA has a sequence of AAA, then a segment of mRNA synthesized on it will have a sequence of:

a. TTT

b. UUU

c. GGG

d. CCC

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