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Ch. 14 The Autonomic Nervous System
Marieb - Human Anatomy & Physiology 7th Edition
Marieb, Hoehn7th EditionHuman Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780805359091Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 14, Problema 3

The white rami communicantes contain what kind of fibers?
a. Preganglionic parasympathetic
b. Postganglionic parasympathetic
c. Preganglionic sympathetic
d. Postganglionic sympathetic

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1
Step 1: Understand the role of rami communicantes in the autonomic nervous system. They are nerve fibers that connect the spinal nerves to the sympathetic trunk (chain ganglia).
Step 2: Recall that there are two types of rami communicantes: white rami communicantes and gray rami communicantes. Each carries different types of fibers.
Step 3: Know that white rami communicantes carry myelinated preganglionic sympathetic fibers from the spinal cord to the sympathetic ganglia. These fibers are responsible for transmitting signals from the central nervous system to the sympathetic ganglia.
Step 4: Contrast this with gray rami communicantes, which carry unmyelinated postganglionic sympathetic fibers from the sympathetic ganglia back to the spinal nerves to reach target organs.
Step 5: Based on this understanding, identify that the white rami communicantes contain preganglionic sympathetic fibers.

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White Rami Communicantes

White rami communicantes are nerve fibers that connect the spinal nerves to the sympathetic trunk. They carry myelinated preganglionic sympathetic fibers from the spinal cord to the sympathetic ganglia, enabling the transmission of signals in the sympathetic nervous system.
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White & Gray Matter

Preganglionic vs. Postganglionic Fibers

Preganglionic fibers originate in the central nervous system and synapse in autonomic ganglia, while postganglionic fibers extend from these ganglia to target organs. Preganglionic fibers are typically myelinated, allowing faster signal conduction.
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Sympathetic vs. Parasympathetic Fibers

The autonomic nervous system has two divisions: sympathetic and parasympathetic. Sympathetic fibers prepare the body for 'fight or flight' responses, while parasympathetic fibers support 'rest and digest' functions. White rami communicantes specifically carry sympathetic fibers.
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Review of the Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Divisions
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All of the following characterize the ANS except

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______ (7) Generally short-duration action 

______ (8) Increases heart rate and blood pressure 

______ (9) Increases gastric motility and secretion of lacrimal, salivary, and digestive juices 

______ (10) Innervates blood vessels 

______ (11) Most active when you are relaxing in a hammock 

______ (12) Active when you are running in the Boston Marathon

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Where are the cell bodies of visceral sensory neurons?

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Relate each of the following terms or phrases to either the sympathetic (S) or parasympathetic (P) division of the autonomic nervous system: 

______ (1) Short preganglionic, long postganglionic fibers 

______ (2) Intramural ganglia 

______ (3) Craniosacral part 

______ (4) Adrenergic fibers 

______ (5) Cervical ganglia 

______ (6) Otic and ciliary ganglia

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