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Ch. 28 The Reproductive System
Martini - Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology 12th Edition
Martini, Nath, Bartholomew12th EditionFundamentals of Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780137854011Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Tutti i libri di testoMartini, Nath, Bartholomew 12th EditionCh. 28 The Reproductive SystemProblema 6
Capitolo 27, Problema 6

Which accessory structures contribute to the composition of semen? What are the functions of each structure?

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Identify the main accessory structures involved in semen production. These typically include the seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethral glands.
Describe the contribution of the seminal vesicles: they produce a fluid rich in fructose and prostaglandins, which provides energy for sperm and helps with sperm motility.
Explain the role of the prostate gland: it secretes a slightly alkaline fluid that helps neutralize the acidic environment of the vagina, enhancing sperm survival.
Discuss the function of the bulbourethral glands (Cowper's glands): they secrete a mucus-like fluid that lubricates the urethra and neutralizes any residual acidity before ejaculation.
Summarize how the combined secretions from these accessory structures mix with sperm from the testes to form semen, which supports sperm viability and facilitates successful fertilization.

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Accessory Sex Glands

Accessory sex glands include the seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethral glands. These structures produce and secrete fluids that combine with sperm to form semen, providing nutrients, lubrication, and protection for sperm during ejaculation.
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Accessory Organs

Seminal Vesicles

The seminal vesicles secrete a viscous fluid rich in fructose and prostaglandins. Fructose serves as an energy source for sperm, while prostaglandins help stimulate smooth muscle contractions in the female reproductive tract, aiding sperm movement.
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3:21
Accessory Organs

Prostate and Bulbourethral Glands

The prostate gland produces a slightly alkaline fluid that neutralizes acidic vaginal secretions, enhancing sperm survival. The bulbourethral glands secrete a clear mucus that lubricates the urethra and neutralizes residual acidity, facilitating sperm passage during ejaculation.
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Hypothalamus & Pituitary Gland
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The main hormone of the postovulatory phase is 

(a) Progesterone

(b) Estradiol

(c) Estrogen

(d) Luteinizing hormone

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The ovaries are responsible for 

(a) The production of female gametes

(b) The secretion of female sex hormones

(c) The secretion of inhibin

(d) All of these

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What is the role of the clitoris in the female reproductive system?

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Identify the three regions of the male urethra.

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Describe the histology of the uterine wall.

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