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Which of the following best describes the flow of genetic information according to the central dogma of molecular biology?
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1. Introduction to Biochemistry
Central Dogma
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In the central dogma, the second step of protein synthesis (translation) occurs primarily in which cellular location?
A
On ribosomes in the cytoplasm (including those bound to the rough endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotes)
B
In the mitochondria, where genomic DNA is replicated for cell division
C
In the nucleus, where mRNA is transcribed from DNA
D
In the nucleolus, where ribosomal RNA is synthesized and ribosomal subunits are assembled
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Recall the central dogma of molecular biology, which describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein.
Identify the three main stages of protein synthesis: transcription, RNA processing, and translation.
Understand that transcription (the first step) occurs in the nucleus, where mRNA is synthesized from DNA.
Recognize that translation (the second step) is the process where the mRNA sequence is decoded to build a polypeptide chain (protein), and this occurs on ribosomes.
Note that ribosomes can be free in the cytoplasm or bound to the rough endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotic cells, making the cytoplasm the primary location for translation.
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