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In the context of Gibbs free energy and cellular energetics, what does ATP lose when it is hydrolyzed to ADP and inorganic phosphate ()?
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1. Introduction to Biochemistry
Gibbs Free Energy
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In the context of cellular energetics and Gibbs free energy, ATP hydrolysis is often coupled to drive endergonic reactions. Which set of components correctly makes up an ATP (adenosine triphosphate) molecule?
A
Adenine, ribose, and two phosphate groups
B
Adenine, deoxyribose, and three phosphate groups
C
Adenine, ribose, and three phosphate groups
D
Guanine, ribose, and three phosphate groups
Guida verificata passo dopo passo1
Step 1: Understand the structure of ATP (adenosine triphosphate). ATP is a nucleotide composed of three main components: a nitrogenous base, a sugar, and phosphate groups.
Step 2: Identify the nitrogenous base in ATP. ATP contains adenine, which is a purine base, not guanine or any other base.
Step 3: Determine the sugar component. ATP contains ribose, a five-carbon sugar with a hydroxyl group on the 2' carbon, distinguishing it from deoxyribose, which lacks this hydroxyl group.
Step 4: Count the number of phosphate groups. ATP has three phosphate groups linked in a chain, which are critical for its role in energy transfer.
Step 5: Combine these components to confirm the correct composition of ATP: adenine (base), ribose (sugar), and three phosphate groups.
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