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Pharmaceutical researchers are often interested in blocking particular receptor proteins on cell surfaces. What chemical property of a molecule would be most important for this type of application?
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10. Cell Signaling
Introduction to Cell Signaling
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Different types of cells can respond differently to the same signaling molecule. Which of the following explains this apparent paradox?
A
Different types of cells possess different genomes.
B
Different types of cells possess different types of phospholipids in their plasma membranes.
C
Different cells have different patterns of carbohydrates on their cell surfaces.
D
Nuclear envelope proteins vary from cell type to cell type, and this means that cells respond to signaling molecules differently.
E
Different types of cells possess different proteins.
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Understand that signaling molecules interact with specific receptors on the cell surface or inside the cell. These receptors are proteins that can vary between different cell types.
Recognize that the presence of different proteins, particularly receptors, in different cell types allows for varied responses to the same signaling molecule.
Consider that the signaling pathway activated by a receptor can differ based on the proteins present in the cell, leading to different cellular responses.
Acknowledge that the genome of a cell determines the proteins it can produce, but different cell types express different sets of genes, resulting in different proteins being present.
Conclude that the diversity in protein expression among different cell types is the key reason why they can respond differently to the same signaling molecule.
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