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As filtrate passes through the long loop of Henle, salt is removed and concentrated in the interstitial fluid of the kidney medulla. Because of this high salt concentration, the nephron is able to __________.
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42. Osmoregulation and Excretion
Osmoregulation and Excretion
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Which of the following substances is generally filtered from the blood by the kidneys?
A
Water
B
Sodium
C
Urea
D
Glucose
E
All of the listed responses are correct.
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Understand the function of the kidneys: The kidneys are responsible for filtering waste products and excess substances from the blood to form urine. This process helps maintain homeostasis by regulating the composition and volume of blood.
Identify the substances filtered by the kidneys: The kidneys filter various substances from the blood, including water, ions like sodium, metabolic waste products such as urea, and nutrients like glucose.
Consider the filtration process: During filtration, blood enters the kidneys through the renal arteries and passes through structures called nephrons. The nephrons filter the blood, allowing water, ions, and small molecules to pass into the renal tubules while retaining larger molecules and cells in the bloodstream.
Recognize the role of each substance: Water is crucial for maintaining fluid balance, sodium is important for electrolyte balance, urea is a waste product from protein metabolism, and glucose is a vital energy source. All these substances are filtered by the kidneys to varying degrees.
Conclude that all listed substances are filtered: Given the kidneys' role in filtering blood, all the substances mentioned—water, sodium, urea, and glucose—are indeed filtered from the blood by the kidneys, supporting the statement that all listed responses are correct.
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