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Gene expression refers to what process?
A
The degradation of mRNA molecules in the cytoplasm
B
The replication of DNA during cell division
C
The mutation of DNA sequences leading to genetic diversity
D
The conversion of genetic information from DNA to a functional product, such as a protein
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Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used to synthesize a functional gene product, typically a protein.
The process begins with transcription, where the DNA sequence of a gene is copied into messenger RNA (mRNA).
Next, the mRNA is processed and transported out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm.
In the cytoplasm, translation occurs, where ribosomes read the mRNA sequence and synthesize the corresponding protein by linking together the appropriate amino acids.
Finally, the newly synthesized protein undergoes folding and post-translational modifications to become fully functional.