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During which phase of meiosis do homologous chromosomes separate?
A
Telophase I
B
Prophase I
C
Anaphase I
D
Metaphase I
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1
Understand the process of meiosis, which consists of two consecutive divisions: meiosis I and meiosis II. Each division has several phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
Recall that homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes, one from each parent, that are similar in shape, size, and genetic content.
In meiosis I, homologous chromosomes are separated. This is different from mitosis, where sister chromatids are separated.
During Anaphase I of meiosis, homologous chromosomes are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell. This is facilitated by the spindle fibers attaching to the centromeres of each chromosome.
Recognize that Anaphase I is distinct from Anaphase II, where sister chromatids are separated. The separation of homologous chromosomes in Anaphase I reduces the chromosome number by half, which is a key feature of meiosis.