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Cortisol is a stress hormone created by the adrenal glands which can affect many tissues throughout the body. How is cortisol able to reach target cells that are far from the adrenal glands?
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10. Cell Signaling
Types of Cell Signaling
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Cells use different signaling strategies to achieve different goals. In hormonal signaling, __________.
A
numerous cells can receive and respond to a signal produced in their vicinity
B
the signal can be directed to a very specific target because a narrow space separates the target cell from the transmitting cell
C
a concentration gradient between the signaling cell and its target cells is established, causing cells along the gradient to respond in different ways
D
special molecules are passed through cell junctions
E
specialized cells release hormone molecules into the circulatory system, permitting distant cells to be affected
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Understand the concept of hormonal signaling: Hormonal signaling involves the release of hormones by specialized cells into the bloodstream, allowing these chemical signals to travel throughout the body and affect distant target cells.
Identify the key characteristic of hormonal signaling: The main feature is that it allows communication over long distances within an organism, as hormones are transported via the circulatory system.
Differentiate hormonal signaling from other types of cell signaling: Unlike paracrine signaling, which affects nearby cells, or synaptic signaling, which involves neurotransmitters crossing a synapse, hormonal signaling can influence cells that are far from the hormone's origin.
Recognize the role of the circulatory system: In hormonal signaling, the circulatory system acts as a distribution network, ensuring that hormones reach various parts of the body where they can bind to specific receptors on target cells.
Consider the impact of hormonal signaling on the body: This type of signaling is crucial for regulating physiological processes such as growth, metabolism, and homeostasis, as it allows for coordinated responses across different tissues and organs.
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