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Which of the following examples is a role of the local regulator nitric oxide (NO)?
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43. Endocrine System
Endocrine System
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In the winter, the __________ of vertebrates is apt to produce __________ than in summer months.
A
hypothalamus; less prolactin
B
hypothalamus; less melatonin
C
pineal gland; less growth hormone
D
adrenal cortex; more ADH
E
pineal gland; more melatonin
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Identify the key terms in the problem: 'winter', 'vertebrates', and the options related to different glands and hormones.
Understand the role of the pineal gland: It is responsible for the production of melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles and is influenced by light exposure.
Recognize that in winter, there is less daylight, which typically leads to increased production of melatonin by the pineal gland in vertebrates.
Review the options provided: The correct answer should relate to the increased production of a hormone during winter due to changes in daylight exposure.
Conclude that the correct answer is 'pineal gland; more melatonin', as the pineal gland produces more melatonin in response to the longer nights of winter.
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