Enzymes that break down DNA catalyze the hydrolysis of the covalent bonds that join nucleotides together. What would happen to DNA molecules treated with these enzymes?
a. The two strands of the double helix would separate.
b. The phosphodiester linkages of the polynucleotide backbone would be broken.
c. The pyrimidines would be separated from the deoxyribose sugars.
d. All bases would be separated from the deoxyribose sugars.

The structural level of a protein least affected by a disruption in hydrogen bonding is the

a. Primary level.

b. Secondary level.

c. Tertiary level.

d. Quaternary level.

Which of the following is true of unsaturated fats?

a. They are more common in animals than in plants.

b. They have double bonds in their fatty acid chains.

c. They generally solidify at room temperature.

d. They contain more hydrogen than do saturated fats having the same number of carbon atoms.

The enzyme amylase can break glycosidic linkages between glucose monomers only if the monomers are in the α form. Which of the following could amylase break down?

a. glycogen, starch, and amylopectin

b. glycogen and cellulose

c. cellulose and chitin

d. starch, chitin, and cellulose

Construct a table that organizes the following terms, and label the columns and rows.

Monosaccharides

Fatty acids

Amino acids

Nucleotides

Polypeptides

Triacylglycerols

Polynucleotides

Polysaccharides

Phosphodiester linkages

Peptide bonds

Glycosidic linkages

Ester linkages

Which of the following pairs of base sequences could form a short stretch of a normal double helix of DNA?

a. 5′-AGCT-3′ with 5′-TCGA-3′

b. 5′-GCGC-3′ with 5′-TATA-3′

c. 5′-ATGC-3′ with 5′-GCAT-3′

d. All of these pairs are correct.

The molecular formula for glucose is C₆H₁₂O₆. What would be the molecular formula for a polymer made by linking ten glucose molecules together by dehydration reactions?

a. C₆₀H₁₂₀O₆₀

b. C₆₀H₁₀₂O₅₁

c. C₆₀H₁₀₀O₅₀

d. C₆₀H₁₁₁O₅₁