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Ch. 17 - Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein
Campbell - Campbell Biology 11th Edition
Urry11th EditionCampbell BiologyISBN: 9789357423311Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Tutti i libri di testoUrry 11th EditionCh. 17 - Gene Expression: From Gene to ProteinProblema 4
Capitolo 17, Problema 4

Which of the following is not true of RNA processing?
a. Exons are cut out before mRNA leaves the nucleus.
b. Nucleotides may be added at both ends of the RNA.
c. Ribozymes may function in RNA splicing.
d. RNA splicing can be catalyzed by spliceosomes.

Guida verificata passo dopo passo
1
Understand the concept of RNA processing, which involves modifications to the pre-mRNA before it becomes mature mRNA and exits the nucleus.
Recall that exons are the coding regions of RNA that are retained in the final mRNA, while introns are non-coding regions that are removed during RNA splicing.
Recognize that during RNA processing, nucleotides can be added to both ends of the RNA: a 5' cap is added to the beginning, and a poly-A tail is added to the end.
Learn that ribozymes, which are RNA molecules with enzymatic activity, can play a role in catalyzing RNA splicing, although spliceosomes are the primary complexes responsible for this process.
Evaluate each statement: a) Exons are not cut out; they are retained. b) Nucleotides are indeed added at both ends. c) Ribozymes can function in splicing. d) Spliceosomes catalyze splicing. Identify the incorrect statement based on these facts.

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RNA Processing

RNA processing is a crucial step in gene expression where precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) is modified to become mature mRNA. This involves splicing, where introns are removed and exons are joined together, as well as the addition of a 5' cap and a poly-A tail to protect the mRNA and aid in its export from the nucleus.
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1) RNA Processing

Exons and Introns

Exons are sequences within a gene that are retained in the mature mRNA and code for proteins, while introns are non-coding sequences that are removed during RNA splicing. The statement 'Exons are cut out before mRNA leaves the nucleus' is incorrect, as exons are retained and introns are removed during RNA processing.
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08:44
2) RNA Splicing Creates Mature mRNA

Spliceosomes and Ribozymes

Spliceosomes are complex molecular machines composed of proteins and RNA that facilitate the removal of introns from pre-mRNA. Ribozymes are RNA molecules with enzymatic activity that can also catalyze RNA splicing. Both spliceosomes and ribozymes play roles in RNA processing, highlighting the versatility of RNA in biological functions.
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08:44
2) RNA Splicing Creates Mature mRNA
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Domanda del libro di testo

Which of the following mutations would be most likely to have a harmful effect on an organism?

a. A deletion of three nucleotides near the middle of a gene

b. A single nucleotide deletion in the middle of an intron

c. A single nucleotide deletion near the end of the coding sequence

d. A single nucleotide insertion downstream of, and close to, the start of the coding sequence

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Which component is not directly involved in translation?

a. GTP

b. DNA

c. tRNA

d. ribosomes

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Domanda del libro di testo

In eukaryotic cells, transcription cannot begin until

a. The two DNA strands have completely separated and exposed the promoter.

b. Several transcription factors have bound to the promoter.

c. The 5′ caps are removed from the mRNA.

d. The DNA introns are removed from the template.

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Domanda del libro di testo

Using Figure 17.6, identify a 5′→3′ sequence of nucleotides in the DNA template strand for an mRNA coding for the polypeptide sequence Phe-Pro-Lys.



a. 5′-UUUCCCAAA-3′

b. 5′-GAACCCCTT-3′

c. 5′-CTTCGGGAA-3′

d. 5′-AAACCCUUU-3′

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Domanda del libro di testo

Which of the following is not true of a codon?

a. It may code for the same amino acid as another codon.

b. It never codes for more than one amino acid.

c. It extends from one end of a tRNA molecule.

d. It is the basic unit of the genetic code.

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The anticodon of a particular tRNA molecule is

a. Complementary to the corresponding mRNA codon

b. Complementary to the corresponding triplet in rRNA

c. The part of tRNA that bonds to a specific amino acid

d. Catalytic, making the tRNA a ribozyme

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