Domanda del libro di testo
Which of the following categories includes all others in the list?
a. Disaccharide
b. Polysaccharide
c. Starch
d. Carbohydrate
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Ch. 5 - The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules
Urry11th EditionCampbell BiologyISBN: 9789357423311
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TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch. 1 - Evolution, the Themes of Biology, and Scientific Inquiry8
- Ch. 2 - The Chemical Context of Life8
- Ch. 3 - Water and Life6
- Ch. 4 - Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life9
- Ch. 5 - The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules9
- Ch. 6 - A Tour of the Cell6
- Ch. 7 - Membrane Structure and Function6
- Ch. 8 - An Introduction to Metabolism6
- Ch. 9 - Cellular Respiration and Fermentation10
- Ch. 10 - Photosynthesis7
- Ch. 11 - Cell Communication7
- Ch. 12 - The Cell Cycle10
- Ch. 13 - Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles10
- Ch. 14 - Mendel and the Gene Idea14
- Ch, 15 - The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance7
- Ch. 16 - The Molecular Basis of Inheritance9
- Ch. 17 - Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein9
- Ch. 18 - Regulation of Gene Expression10
- Ch. 19 - Viruses6
- Ch. 20 - DNA Tools and Biotechnology8
- Ch. 21 - Genomes and Their Evolution8
- Ch. 22 - Descent with Modification: A Darwininan View of Life6
- Ch. 23 - The Evolution of Populations5
- Ch. 24 - The Origin of Species6
- Ch. 25 - The History of Life on Earth6
- Ch. 26 - Phylogeny and the Tree of Life7
- Ch. 27 - Bacteria and Archaea8
- Ch. 28 - Protists7
- Ch. 29 - Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land7
- Ch. 30 - Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants7
- Ch. 31 - Fungi5
- Ch. 32 - An Overview of Animal Diversity4
- Ch. 33 - An introduction to Invertebrates6
- Ch. 34 - The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates7
- Ch. 35 - Vascular Plant Structure, Growth, and Development8
- Ch. 36 - Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants8
- Ch. 37 - Soil and Plant Nutrition10
- Ch. 38 - Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology8
- Ch. 39 - Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals8
- Ch. 40 - Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function8
- Ch. 41 - Animal Nutrition7
- Ch. 42 - Circulation and Gas Exchange7
- Ch. 43 - The Immune System6
- Ch. 44 - Osmoregulation and Excretion6
- Ch. 45 - Hormones and the Endocrine System8
- Ch. 46 - Animal Reproduction8
- Ch. 47 - Animal Development8
- Ch. 48 - Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling6
- Ch. 49 - Nervous Systems8
- Ch. 50 - Sensory and Motor Mechanisms5
- Ch. 51 Animal Behavior6
- Ch. 52 - An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere7
- Ch. 53 - Population Ecology10
- Ch. 54 - Community Ecology9
- Ch. 55 - Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology8
- Ch. 56 - Conservation Biology and Global Change6
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Urry 11th EditionCh. 5 - The Structure and Function of Large Biological MoleculesProblema 2
Urry 11th EditionCh. 5 - The Structure and Function of Large Biological MoleculesProblema 2Capitolo 5, Problema 2
The enzyme amylase can break glycosidic linkages between glucose monomers only if the monomers are in the α form. Which of the following could amylase break down?
a. glycogen, starch, and amylopectin
b. glycogen and cellulose
c. cellulose and chitin
d. starch, chitin, and cellulose
Guida verificata passo dopo passo1
Understand the structure of glucose monomers: Glucose can exist in two forms, α (alpha) and β (beta). The α form has the hydroxyl group on the first carbon below the plane of the ring, while the β form has it above.
Identify the types of glycosidic linkages: Glycosidic linkages can be α or β, depending on the orientation of the glucose monomers. Amylase specifically breaks α-glycosidic linkages.
Examine the composition of each polysaccharide: Glycogen, starch, and amylopectin are composed of glucose monomers linked by α-glycosidic bonds, whereas cellulose and chitin are composed of β-glycosidic bonds.
Determine which polysaccharides amylase can break down: Since amylase can only break α-glycosidic linkages, it can break down glycogen, starch, and amylopectin.
Conclude which option is correct: Based on the ability of amylase to break α-glycosidic linkages, the correct answer is option a: glycogen, starch, and amylopectin.
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Glycosidic Linkages
Glycosidic linkages are covalent bonds that connect carbohydrate (sugar) molecules to one another. These linkages can vary in structure, such as α (alpha) or β (beta) forms, which affect the properties and digestibility of the polysaccharides. Enzymes like amylase are specific to the type of glycosidic linkage they can cleave, with amylase specifically targeting α linkages.
Video consigliato:
03:08
Formation & Breakdown of Polysaccharides
Alpha and Beta Glucose
Glucose can exist in two different structural forms: alpha (α) and beta (β). The difference lies in the orientation of the hydroxyl group on the first carbon atom. In α-glucose, the hydroxyl group is below the plane of the ring, while in β-glucose, it is above. This distinction is crucial because it determines the type of glycosidic bonds formed and the enzyme specificity for breaking these bonds.
Video consigliato:
06:20Glucose's Impact on Lac Operon Example 1
Polysaccharides: Glycogen, Starch, Cellulose, and Chitin
Polysaccharides are long chains of monosaccharides linked by glycosidic bonds. Glycogen and starch are composed of α-glucose units, making them substrates for amylase. In contrast, cellulose and chitin consist of β-glucose units, which amylase cannot break down. Understanding the composition of these polysaccharides is essential to determine which can be digested by specific enzymes.
Video consigliato:
05:08Carbohydrate Functions
Pratica correlata
Domanda del libro di testo
The structural level of a protein least affected by a disruption in hydrogen bonding is the
a. Primary level.
b. Secondary level.
c. Tertiary level.
d. Quaternary level.
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Domanda del libro di testo
Which of the following is true of unsaturated fats?
a. They are more common in animals than in plants.
b. They have double bonds in their fatty acid chains.
c. They generally solidify at room temperature.
d. They contain more hydrogen than do saturated fats having the same number of carbon atoms.
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Domanda del libro di testo
Enzymes that break down DNA catalyze the hydrolysis of the covalent bonds that join nucleotides together. What would happen to DNA molecules treated with these enzymes?
a. The two strands of the double helix would separate.
b. The phosphodiester linkages of the polynucleotide backbone would be broken.
c. The pyrimidines would be separated from the deoxyribose sugars.
d. All bases would be separated from the deoxyribose sugars.
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