Domanda del libro di testo
Determine what is incorrect in the following statement: Deer mice living on beaches mutated their genes so that they could have white fur color, providing better camouflage to survive on beaches.
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Ch. 23 - Evolutionary Processes
Freeman8th EditionBiological ScienceISBN: 9780138276263
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TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch. 1 - Biology: The Study of Life13
- Ch. 2 - Water and Carbon: The Chemical Basis of Life14
- Ch.3 - Protein Structure and Function10
- Ch.4 - Nucleic Acids and the RNA World10
- Ch. 5 - An Introduction to Carbohydrates10
- Ch. 6 - Lipids, Membranes, and the First Cells11
- Ch. 7 - Inside the Cell10
- Ch. 8 - Energy and Enzymes: An Introduction to Metabolism10
- Ch. 9 - Cellular Respiration and Fermentation11
- Ch. 10 - Photosynthesis12
- Ch. 11 - Cell-Cell Interactions12
- Ch. 12 - The Cell Cycle8
- Ch. 13 - Meiosis12
- Ch. 14 - Mendel and the Gene23
- Ch. 15 - DNA and the Gene: Synthesis and Repair15
- Ch. 16 - How Genes Work16
- Ch. 17 - Transcription, RNA Processing, and Translation16
- Ch. 18 - Control of Gene Expression in Bacteria16
- Ch. 19 - Control of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes12
- Ch. 20 - The Molecular Revolution: Biotechnology, Genomics, and New Frontiers15
- Ch. 21 - Genes, Development, and Evolution12
- Ch. 22 - Evolution by Natural Selection16
- Ch. 23 - Evolutionary Processes13
- Ch. 24 - Speciation15
- Ch. 25 - Phylogenies and the History of Life13
- Ch. 26 - Bacteria and Archaea15
- Ch. 27 - Diversification of Eukaryotes16
- Ch. 28 - Green Algae and Land Plants16
- Ch. 29 - Fungi18
- Ch. 30 - An Introduction to Animals9
- Ch. 31 - Protostome Animals15
- Ch. 32 - Deuterostome Animals17
- Ch. 33 - Viruses16
- Ch. 34 - Plant Form and Function16
- Ch. 35 - Water and Sugar Transport in Plants16
- Ch. 36 - Plant Nutrition13
- Ch. 37 - Plant Sensory Systems, Signals, and Responses16
- Ch. 38 - Flowering Plant Reproduction and Development16
- Ch. 39 - Animal Form and Function17
- Ch. 40 - Water and Electrolyte Balance in Animals16
- Ch. 41 - Animal Nutrition16
- Ch. 42 - Gas Exchange and Circulation16
- Ch. 43 - Animal Nervous Systems16
- Ch. 44 - Animal Sensory Systems16
- Ch. 45 - Animal Movement11
- Ch. 46 - Chemical Signals in Animals16
- Ch. 47 - Animal Reproduction and Development16
- Ch. 48 - The Immune System in Animals16
- Ch. 49 - An Introduction to Ecology15
- Ch. 50 - Behavioral Ecology16
- Ch. 51 - Population Ecology16
- Ch. 52 - Community Ecology20
- Ch. 53 - Ecosystems and Global Ecology17
- Ch. 54 - Biodiversity and Conservation Ecology18
Freeman8th EditionBiological ScienceISBN: 9780138276263Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 23, Problema 5
In a population of 2500, how many babies would you expect to have cystic fibrosis, a homozygous recessive condition, if the frequency of the dominant allele is 0.9 and the population is at Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium?
a. 0.9 × 2500 = 2250
b. 2 × 0.9 × 0.1 × 2500 = 450
c. 0.9 × 0.1 × 2500 = 225
d. 0.1 x 0.1 x 2500 = 25
Guida verificata passo dopo passo1
Understand that cystic fibrosis is a homozygous recessive condition, which means individuals with the condition have two recessive alleles (cc).
Recall the Hardy-Weinberg principle, which states that allele and genotype frequencies in a population will remain constant from generation to generation in the absence of evolutionary influences.
Identify the frequency of the recessive allele (c) using the given frequency of the dominant allele (C). If the frequency of the dominant allele (C) is 0.9, then the frequency of the recessive allele (c) is 1 - 0.9 = 0.1.
Calculate the expected frequency of individuals with cystic fibrosis (cc) using the formula for homozygous recessive genotype frequency: \( q^2 \), where \( q \) is the frequency of the recessive allele. Thus, \( q^2 = 0.1^2 \).
Multiply the frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype (\( q^2 \)) by the total population size to find the expected number of individuals with cystic fibrosis: \( 0.1^2 \times 2500 \).
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Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium
The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is a principle that describes a stable genetic state in a population where allele and genotype frequencies remain constant across generations, provided no evolutionary influences occur. It assumes random mating, no mutation, migration, or selection, and large population size. This model helps predict genotype frequencies using allele frequencies.
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Percorso guidato
08:26
Testing if a Population is in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium
Allele Frequency
Allele frequency refers to how often an allele appears in a population's gene pool. It is expressed as a proportion or percentage of the total alleles for a particular gene. In the context of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, allele frequencies are used to calculate expected genotype frequencies, such as homozygous recessive conditions like cystic fibrosis.
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Percorso guidato
06:36Allele Frequencies
Homozygous Recessive Condition
A homozygous recessive condition occurs when an individual has two copies of a recessive allele, resulting in the expression of a recessive trait or disorder. For cystic fibrosis, individuals must inherit two recessive alleles (cc) to exhibit the condition. Calculating the frequency of such individuals involves squaring the frequency of the recessive allele under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
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03:39Dominant vs. Recessive Alleles
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True or false? Gene flow can either increase or decrease the average fitness of a population. Explain.
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Why is genetic drift aptly named? Select True or False for each statement.
T/F It causes allele frequencies to drift up or down randomly.
T/F It occurs when alleles from one population drift into another.
T/F It occurs when mutations drift into a genome.
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Domanda del libro di testo
In the 1700s and 1800s, royalty in Europe often married their close relatives; furthermore, recessive genetic diseases such as hemophilia showed up much more often among royals than in the general population. Explain the likely connection.
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Domanda del libro di testo
Why isn't inbreeding considered an evolutionary process?
a. It does not change genotype frequencies.
b. It does not change allele frequencies.
c. It does not occur often enough to be important in evolution.
d. It does not violate the assumptions of the Hardy–Weinberg principle.
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