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Performing Hypothesis Tests: Proportions definitions

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Termini in questo insieme (15)

  • Null Hypothesis
    Assumes the population parameter equals a specific value, serving as the default claim tested against evidence.
  • Alternative Hypothesis
    Represents the claim being investigated, indicating a difference or effect relative to the null hypothesis.
  • Population Proportion
    Describes the fraction of individuals in a population exhibiting a particular characteristic.
  • Sample Proportion
    Calculated by dividing the number of successes in a sample by the total sample size.
  • Significance Level
    Threshold probability, often denoted by alpha, used to determine whether to reject the null hypothesis.
  • Test Statistic
    A standardized value, such as a z score, computed from sample data to assess evidence against the null hypothesis.
  • P Value
    Probability of observing a test statistic as extreme as, or more extreme than, the one calculated, assuming the null hypothesis is true.
  • Critical Value
    A cutoff point on the test statistic scale that determines the boundary for rejecting the null hypothesis.
  • Random Sample
    A subset of the population selected so that each member has an equal chance of being chosen.
  • Left Tailed Test
    A hypothesis test where the alternative hypothesis specifies that the parameter is less than the null value.
  • Z Score
    A measure indicating how many standard deviations a sample statistic is from the hypothesized population parameter.
  • Alpha
    Represents the probability of making a Type I error, commonly set at 0.05 or 0.01 in hypothesis testing.
  • N P Condition
    A requirement that the expected number of successes in a sample is at least five for valid hypothesis testing.
  • N Q Condition
    A requirement that the expected number of failures in a sample is at least five for valid hypothesis testing.
  • One Sample Z Test
    A statistical procedure used to test hypotheses about a population mean or proportion when the standard deviation is known.