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Which of the following best describes the primary function of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells?
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11. Aerobic Respiration
Mitochondria
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Why are mitochondria often called the "powerhouse of the cell"?
A
They store the cell’s genetic information and control gene expression.
B
They synthesize proteins for secretion by ribosomes attached to their outer membrane.
C
They generate ATP primarily through photosynthesis using chlorophyll.
D
They produce most cellular ATP by oxidative phosphorylation during cellular respiration.
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Understand the primary function of mitochondria in the cell, which is related to energy production rather than genetic information storage or protein synthesis.
Recall that mitochondria generate ATP, the main energy currency of the cell, through a process called oxidative phosphorylation.
Recognize that oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane and involves the electron transport chain and ATP synthase enzyme.
Note that mitochondria do not perform photosynthesis; this process is carried out by chloroplasts in plant cells using chlorophyll.
Conclude that mitochondria are called the 'powerhouse of the cell' because they produce most of the cell's ATP, providing energy for various cellular activities.
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