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Cancer Treatment quiz

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Termini in questo insieme (15)

  • What are the three main types of traditional cancer therapies?
    The three main types are surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy.
  • How does surgery treat cancer?
    Surgery treats cancer by physically removing the tumor from the body.
  • What is the primary mechanism by which radiation and chemotherapy kill cancer cells?
    Radiation and chemotherapy kill cancer cells by damaging their DNA, leading to cell death.
  • What is passive immunotherapy in cancer treatment?
    Passive immunotherapy involves introducing antibodies that specifically target and kill tumor cells.
  • How does active immunotherapy differ from passive immunotherapy?
    Active immunotherapy stimulates the patient's own immune system to attack the cancer, while passive immunotherapy provides antibodies directly.
  • What is the goal of anti-angiogenic therapies in cancer treatment?
    Anti-angiogenic therapies aim to destroy the blood vessels that supply nutrients to tumors, inhibiting their growth.
  • What does molecular targeting in cancer therapy involve?
    Molecular targeting uses drugs that specifically target cancer-causing genes or mutations in tumor cells.
  • Why is molecular targeting important in personalized medicine?
    It allows treatments to be tailored to the specific genetic mutations present in an individual's tumor.
  • What is multi-drug resistance (MDR) in cancer cells?
    Multi-drug resistance is when cancer cells become insensitive to multiple treatments, even those they have not previously encountered.
  • Which gene is commonly associated with multi-drug resistance in cancer?
    The MDR1 gene is commonly associated with multi-drug resistance.
  • What does the MDR1 gene encode?
    The MDR1 gene encodes an ABC transporter protein.
  • How does the MDR1 gene contribute to drug resistance in cancer cells?
    It produces a transporter that exports anticancer drugs out of the cell, preventing them from working.
  • What happens when the MDR1 gene is overexpressed in cancer cells?
    Overexpression leads to increased export of drugs from the cell, making treatments less effective.
  • Can cancer cells develop resistance to treatments they have never been exposed to? How?
    Yes, through mechanisms like multi-drug resistance, cancer cells can become insensitive to various treatments.
  • Why is overcoming multi-drug resistance important in cancer therapy?
    Overcoming multi-drug resistance is crucial because it allows treatments to remain effective against cancer cells.