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How many valence electrons are in a nitrogen (N) atom?
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10. Periodic Properties of the Elements
Valence Electrons of Elements
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An atom has the electron configuration 1s2 2s2 2p3. How many valence electrons does this atom have?
A
7
B
3
C
5
D
2
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Identify the electron configuration given: 1s2 2s2 2p3.
Recall that valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell (highest principal quantum number, n).
Determine the highest principal quantum number in the configuration, which is n = 2 (from 2s2 and 2p3).
Count the electrons in the orbitals with n = 2: 2 electrons in 2s and 3 electrons in 2p, totaling 5 electrons.
Conclude that the atom has 5 valence electrons because these are the electrons available for bonding in the outermost shell.
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