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If one mole of CO_2 reacts completely with excess NaOH according to the equation CO_2 + 2 NaOH → Na_2CO_3 + H_2O, how many moles of NaOH are required?
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3. Chemical Reactions
Stoichiometry
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In the balanced chemical equation for the reaction: PbO2 + 4HCl → PbCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O, what is the mole ratio of PbO2 to H2O?
A
1:2
B
2:4
C
1:1
D
2:1
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Identify the balanced chemical equation given: \(\mathrm{PbO_2 + 4HCl \rightarrow PbCl_2 + Cl_2 + 2H_2O}\).
Look at the coefficients in front of each compound to determine the mole ratios. The coefficient in front of \(\mathrm{PbO_2}\) is 1, and the coefficient in front of \(\mathrm{H_2O}\) is 2.
The mole ratio of \(\mathrm{PbO_2}\) to \(\mathrm{H_2O}\) is therefore the ratio of their coefficients, which is \$1:2$.
Express this ratio clearly as \(\mathrm{PbO_2 : H_2O = 1 : 2}\), meaning 1 mole of \(\mathrm{PbO_2}\) produces 2 moles of \(\mathrm{H_2O}\) in the reaction.
This mole ratio is useful for stoichiometric calculations, such as determining how much water is produced from a given amount of lead dioxide.
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