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Which of the following represents the correct electron configuration for the valence electrons of indium (In)?
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10. Periodic Properties of the Elements
The Electron Configuration
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How does the movement of electrons change when atoms are in close proximity?
A
Electrons move in circular orbits around the nucleus.
B
Electrons become delocalized and can move between atoms.
C
Electrons stop moving and remain stationary.
D
Electrons move to higher energy levels.
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Understand the concept of electron delocalization: When atoms are in close proximity, their electron clouds can overlap, allowing electrons to move more freely between the atoms. This is known as electron delocalization.
Consider the nature of chemical bonding: In covalent bonds, electrons are shared between atoms, which can lead to delocalization, especially in molecules with conjugated systems or metallic bonds.
Analyze the incorrect options: Electrons do not move in fixed circular orbits; this is an outdated model. Electrons also do not stop moving; they are always in motion due to their wave-like nature.
Evaluate the energy levels: While electrons can move to higher energy levels, this typically requires an input of energy, such as absorption of a photon, and is not directly related to atoms being in close proximity.
Conclude with the correct understanding: When atoms are close, electrons can become delocalized, allowing them to move between atoms, which is a key feature in the formation of metallic bonds and resonance structures in chemistry.
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