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Which types of intermolecular forces are present in a sample of H2CO (formaldehyde)?
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13. Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces
Intermolecular Forces
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Which of the following molecules will have hydrogen bonding as its strongest type of intermolecular force?
A
CH4
B
CO2
C
NH3
D
C2H6
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Identify the criteria for hydrogen bonding: Hydrogen bonding occurs when a hydrogen atom is directly bonded to a highly electronegative atom such as nitrogen (N), oxygen (O), or fluorine (F).
Examine each molecule to see if it contains hydrogen atoms bonded to N, O, or F:
CH4 (methane) has hydrogen atoms bonded to carbon, which is not electronegative enough to form hydrogen bonds.
CO2 (carbon dioxide) has no hydrogen atoms at all, so it cannot exhibit hydrogen bonding.
NH3 (ammonia) has hydrogen atoms bonded directly to nitrogen, which is highly electronegative, making hydrogen bonding possible.
C2H6 (ethane) has hydrogen atoms bonded to carbon, similar to CH4, so it cannot form hydrogen bonds.
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