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What is the uncertainty of the position of the bacterium?
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9. Quantum Mechanics
Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
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Which of the following is a consequence of the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle?
A
The energy of a photon is always greater than its frequency.
B
It is impossible to simultaneously know the exact position and exact momentum of a particle.
C
Electrons always travel in fixed orbits around the nucleus.
D
Atoms can exist only at absolute zero temperature.
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Understand the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle, which states that it is fundamentally impossible to simultaneously know both the exact position and exact momentum of a particle with perfect accuracy.
Recognize that this principle arises from the wave-particle duality of matter and the limitations imposed by quantum mechanics on measurement precision.
Evaluate each given statement in the problem: the energy of a photon is related to its frequency by \(E = h \nu\), so energy is not greater than frequency but proportional; electrons do not travel in fixed orbits but exist in probabilistic orbitals; atoms can exist at various temperatures, not only absolute zero.
Identify that the statement 'It is impossible to simultaneously know the exact position and exact momentum of a particle' directly reflects the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle.
Conclude that this statement is the correct consequence of the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle among the options provided.
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