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Why is the configuration of electrons in an atom's outer shell important?
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10. Periodic Properties of the Elements
Valence Electrons of Elements
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An atom has an atomic number of 7. What is the most likely number of valence electrons for this atom?
A
2
B
7
C
1
D
5
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Identify the element based on its atomic number. The atomic number 7 corresponds to the element nitrogen (N).
Recall that the atomic number tells you the number of protons, and for a neutral atom, it also equals the number of electrons.
Determine the electron configuration of nitrogen by filling the electron orbitals in order: 1s, 2s, 2p, etc.
Write the electron configuration for nitrogen: \$1s^2 2s^2 2p^3$.
Recognize that valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell (highest principal quantum number). For nitrogen, the outermost shell is the second shell, which contains \$2s^2 2p^3$, totaling 5 valence electrons.
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