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According to the octet rule, what is oxygen most likely to do in order to complete its outermost electron shell?
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11. Bonding & Molecular Structure
Octet Rule
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Which group of elements in the periodic table is most likely to form compounds with an expanded octet?
A
Elements in period 2 (such as C, N, O, F)
B
Alkali metals (group 1)
C
Noble gases in period 1
D
Elements in period 3 and beyond (such as P, S, Cl)
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Understand the concept of the octet rule: atoms tend to form compounds in ways that give them eight electrons in their valence shell, achieving a stable electron configuration similar to noble gases.
Recognize that elements in period 2 (such as C, N, O, F) are limited to an octet because they only have s and p orbitals available in their valence shell, so they cannot expand beyond 8 electrons.
Know that alkali metals (group 1) typically lose one electron to form +1 ions and do not form expanded octets because they have only one valence electron.
Note that noble gases in period 1 (which is just hydrogen and helium) have very limited valence shells and do not form expanded octets or many compounds.
Identify that elements in period 3 and beyond (such as P, S, Cl) have access to d orbitals in their valence shell, allowing them to accommodate more than 8 electrons and thus form compounds with expanded octets.
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