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How many valence electrons does a gold (Au) atom have?
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10. Periodic Properties of the Elements
Valence Electrons of Elements
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How many valence electrons does an atom of aluminum (Al) possess?
A
8
B
1
C
5
D
3
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Identify the atomic number of aluminum (Al), which is 13, meaning it has 13 electrons in total.
Determine the electron configuration of aluminum to understand the distribution of electrons in its shells. The configuration is \$1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^1$.
Recognize that valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell (highest principal quantum number). For aluminum, this is the third shell (n=3).
Count the electrons in the outermost shell: \$3s^2$ and \$3p^1$ add up to 3 valence electrons.
Conclude that an aluminum atom has 3 valence electrons, which explains its chemical behavior and bonding characteristics.
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