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How many valence electrons does a sodium (Na) atom have?
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10. Periodic Properties of the Elements
Valence Electrons of Elements
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What is the name given to the electrons in the highest occupied energy level of an atom?
A
Bonding electrons
B
Valence electrons
C
Core electrons
D
Free electrons
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Understand that electrons in an atom are arranged in energy levels or shells around the nucleus.
Recognize that the highest occupied energy level refers to the outermost shell that contains electrons.
Know that electrons in this outermost shell are responsible for chemical bonding and reactivity.
These electrons are specifically called \(\textbf{valence electrons}\), as they determine how an atom interacts with others.
Distinguish valence electrons from core electrons, which are in inner shells and do not typically participate in bonding.
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