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How many valence electrons do barium and phosphorus have, respectively?
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10. Periodic Properties of the Elements
Valence Electrons of Elements
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Which term best describes the distance between the nucleus and the valence electrons in an atom?
A
Atomic radius
B
Electronegativity
C
Electron affinity
D
Ionization energy
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Understand that the question asks for the term that describes the distance between the nucleus and the valence electrons in an atom.
Recall that the atomic radius is defined as the average distance from the nucleus to the outermost (valence) electrons in an atom.
Recognize that electronegativity refers to the ability of an atom to attract electrons in a chemical bond, not a distance measurement.
Know that electron affinity is the energy change when an atom gains an electron, which is related to energy, not distance.
Understand that ionization energy is the energy required to remove an electron from an atom, again related to energy, not distance.
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