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Which of the following statements best describes the difference between the valence band and the conduction band in a solid?
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10. Periodic Properties of the Elements
Valence Electrons of Elements
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How many valence electrons does an atom of calcium (Ca) have?
A
4
B
8
C
2
D
6
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Identify the element in question, which is calcium (Ca).
Determine the atomic number of calcium, which is 20, meaning it has 20 electrons in a neutral atom.
Write the electron configuration of calcium to understand the distribution of electrons in its shells: \$1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2$.
Recognize that valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell, which for calcium is the 4th shell (4s orbital).
Count the electrons in the outermost shell (4s), which gives calcium 2 valence electrons.
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