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General Chemistry Basics: Matter, Properties, and Classification

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Termini in questo insieme (21)

  • What is chemistry?

    Chemistry is the study of matter—what it consists of, its properties, and how it changes.

  • Define matter.

    Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space, meaning anything physically real.

  • What is the scientific method?

    An organized procedure for learning answers to questions by observing, testing, and generating explanatory models.

  • What are physical properties?

    Characteristics that describe matter without changing its chemical composition.

  • What are chemical properties?

    Characteristics that describe how matter changes its chemical structure or composition.

  • What is a substance in chemistry?

    A sample of matter with the same physical and chemical properties throughout.

  • Define an element.

    A substance that cannot be broken down into chemically simpler components.

  • Define a compound.

    A substance that can be broken down into chemically simpler components because it contains more than one element.

  • What is an atom?

    The smallest part of an element that maintains the identity of that element.

  • What is a molecule?

    The smallest part of a compound that maintains the identity of that compound.

  • What is a mixture?

    A material composed of two or more substances.

  • Difference between heterogeneous and homogeneous mixtures?

    Heterogeneous mixtures have visibly different parts; homogeneous mixtures have a consistent composition throughout (solutions).

  • Describe the phases of matter.

    Solids have definite shape and volume; liquids have definite volume but no definite shape; gases have neither definite shape nor volume and expand to fill containers.

  • What is a phase change?

    A physical process where a substance changes from one phase to another.

  • Name the phase change from solid to liquid.

    Melting or fusion.

  • Name the phase change from solid to gas.

    Sublimation.

  • Name the phase change from liquid to gas.

    Boiling or evaporation.

  • Name the phase change from liquid to solid.

    Solidification or freezing.

  • Name the phase change from gas to liquid.

    Condensation.

  • Name the phase change from gas to solid.

    Deposition.

  • What is a quantity in measurement?

    An amount of something expressed as a number and a unit.