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General Chemistry: The Atom

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Termini in questo insieme (20)

  • What is an atom?

    An atom is the smallest unit of an element that retains the chemical properties of that element.

  • What are the three main subatomic particles in an atom?

    Protons, neutrons, and electrons.

  • Where are protons located in an atom?

    Protons are located in the nucleus at the center of the atom.

  • What is the charge of a proton?

    A proton has a positive charge (+1).

  • Where are neutrons found in an atom?

    Neutrons are found in the nucleus alongside protons.

  • What is the charge of a neutron?

    A neutron has no charge (neutral).

  • Where are electrons located in an atom?

    Electrons orbit the nucleus in the electron cloud.

  • What is the charge of an electron?

    An electron has a negative charge (-1).

  • What determines the atomic number of an element?

    The number of protons in the nucleus.

  • What is an isotope?

    Atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

  • How do isotopes of an element differ?

    They have different mass numbers due to varying neutrons but the same chemical properties.

  • What is the mass number of an atom?

    The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.

  • How is the atomic mass of an element calculated?

    It is the weighted average of the masses of all naturally occurring isotopes.

  • What is the charge of a neutral atom?

    Zero, because the number of protons equals the number of electrons.

  • What is an ion?

    An atom or molecule with a net electric charge due to loss or gain of electrons.

  • What is a cation?

    A positively charged ion formed by losing electrons.

  • What is an anion?

    A negatively charged ion formed by gaining electrons.

  • What is the role of electrons in chemical bonding?

    Electrons in the outermost shell (valence electrons) participate in forming chemical bonds.

  • What is the nucleus of an atom?

    The dense central core containing protons and neutrons.

  • How does the number of electrons relate to chemical properties?

    The number and arrangement of electrons determine an atom's chemical behavior.