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Polyatomic Ions in General Chemistry

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Termini in questo insieme (20)

  • What is a polyatomic ion?

    A polyatomic ion is a charged species composed of two or more atoms covalently bonded that act as a single ion.

  • How do polyatomic ions differ from monatomic ions?

    Polyatomic ions consist of multiple atoms bonded together with an overall charge, while monatomic ions are single atoms with a charge.

  • Name the polyatomic ion with formula \(\mathrm{NO_3^-}\).

    Nitrate ion.

  • What is the charge on the sulfate ion \(\mathrm{SO_4^{2-}}\)?

    The sulfate ion has a charge of 2-.

  • Give the formula for the ammonium ion.

    The ammonium ion is \(\mathrm{NH_4^+}\).

  • What is the polyatomic ion with formula \(\mathrm{OH^-}\) called?

    Hydroxide ion.

  • How are polyatomic ions named when they contain oxygen?

    They are called oxyanions, and their names often end with -ate or -ite depending on oxygen content.

  • What is the difference between nitrate and nitrite ions?

    Nitrate (\(\mathrm{NO_3^-}\)) has one more oxygen than nitrite (\(\mathrm{NO_2^-}\)).

  • What is the charge on the carbonate ion \(\mathrm{CO_3^{2-}}\)?

    The carbonate ion has a charge of 2-.

  • Name the polyatomic ion \(\mathrm{PO_4^{3-}}\).

    Phosphate ion.

  • What is the formula for the chlorate ion?

    The chlorate ion is \(\mathrm{ClO_3^-}\).

  • How do you recognize a polyatomic ion in a chemical formula?

    It appears as a group of atoms in parentheses with a charge, e.g., \((\mathrm{SO_4})^{2-}\).

  • What is the formula and charge of the acetate ion?

    Acetate ion is \(\mathrm{C_2H_3O_2^-}\) or \(\mathrm{CH_3COO^-}\) with a charge of 1-.

  • What polyatomic ion contains nitrogen and oxygen with a 1- charge?

    Nitrite (\(\mathrm{NO_2^-}\)) and nitrate (\(\mathrm{NO_3^-}\)) both have 1- charge.

  • What is the charge on the permanganate ion \(\mathrm{MnO_4^-}\)?

    The permanganate ion has a charge of 1-.

  • What is the formula for the sulfite ion?

    The sulfite ion is \(\mathrm{SO_3^{2-}}\).

  • How do you write the formula for a compound containing a polyatomic ion?

    Use parentheses around the polyatomic ion if more than one is needed, e.g., \(\mathrm{Ca(OH)_2}\).

  • What is the formula and charge of the cyanide ion?

    The cyanide ion is \(\mathrm{CN^-}\) with a charge of 1-.

  • Name the ion \(\mathrm{Cr_2O_7^{2-}}\).

    Dichromate ion.

  • What is the charge on the hydrogen carbonate (bicarbonate) ion?

    Hydrogen carbonate (bicarbonate) ion \(\mathrm{HCO_3^-}\) has a charge of 1-.