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Ch.10 - Gases
Brown - Chemistry: The Central Science 14th Edition
Brown14th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780134414232Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Tutti i libri di testoBrown 14th EditionCh.10 - GasesProblema 44b
Capitolo 10, Problema 44b

Many gases are shipped in high-pressure containers. Consider a steel tank whose volume is 210.0 L that contains O2 gas at a pressure of 16,500 kPa at 23 °C. (b) What volume would the gas occupy at STP?

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Identify the initial conditions of the gas: volume \( V_1 = 210.0 \) L, pressure \( P_1 = 16,500 \) kPa, and temperature \( T_1 = 23 \, ^\circ\text{C} \).
Convert the initial temperature from Celsius to Kelvin using the formula \( T(K) = T(\degree C) + 273.15 \).
Recall the conditions for STP (Standard Temperature and Pressure): \( P_2 = 101.3 \) kPa and \( T_2 = 273.15 \) K.
Use the combined gas law \( \frac{P_1 \cdot V_1}{T_1} = \frac{P_2 \cdot V_2}{T_2} \) to solve for the final volume \( V_2 \).
Rearrange the equation to solve for \( V_2 \): \( V_2 = \frac{P_1 \cdot V_1 \cdot T_2}{P_2 \cdot T_1} \).

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Ideal Gas Law

The Ideal Gas Law relates the pressure, volume, temperature, and number of moles of a gas through the equation PV = nRT. This law is essential for understanding how gases behave under different conditions and allows for calculations involving changes in state, such as volume at standard temperature and pressure (STP).
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Ideal Gas Law Formula

Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP)

STP is defined as a temperature of 0 °C (273.15 K) and a pressure of 1 atm (101.3 kPa). At STP, one mole of an ideal gas occupies 22.4 liters. Understanding STP is crucial for converting gas volumes from one set of conditions to another, as it provides a reference point for gas behavior.
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Standard Temperature and Pressure

Gas Volume Conversion

Gas volume conversion involves using the Ideal Gas Law and STP conditions to determine how the volume of a gas changes with variations in pressure and temperature. This concept is vital for solving problems where the initial and final states of a gas are compared, allowing for the calculation of unknown volumes under specified conditions.
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Common Conversion Factors
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Domanda del libro di testo

Many gases are shipped in high-pressure containers. Consider a steel tank whose volume is 210.0 L that contains O2 gas at a pressure of 16,500 kPa at 23 °C. (c) At what temperature would the pressure in the tank equal 15.2 MPa?

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Domanda del libro di testo

Many gases are shipped in high-pressure containers. Consider a steel tank whose volume is 210.0 L that contains O2 gas at a pressure of 16,500 kPa at 23 °C. (d) What would be the pressure of the gas, in kPa, if it were transferred to a container at 24 °C whose volume is 55.0 L?

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Domanda del libro di testo

Many gases are shipped in high-pressure containers. Consider a steel tank whose volume is 210.0 L that contains O2 gas at a pressure of 16,500 kPa at 23 °C. (a) What mass of O2 does the tank contain?

Domanda del libro di testo

Chlorine is widely used to purify municipal water supplies and to treat swimming pool waters. Suppose that the volume of a particular sample of Cl2 gas is 8.70 L at 119.3 kPa and 24 °C. (d) At what pressure will the volume equal 5.00 L if the temperature is 58 °C?

Domanda del libro di testo

Chlorine is widely used to purify municipal water supplies and to treat swimming pool waters. Suppose that the volume of a particular sample of Cl2 gas is 8.70 L at 119.3 kPa and 24 °C. (c) At what temperature will the volume be 15.00 L if the pressure is 116.8 kPa

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