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Ch.10 - Gases
Brown - Chemistry: The Central Science 14th Edition
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Capitolo 10, Problema 72a2

(a) What are the mole fractions of N2 in a mixture of 15.08 g of O2, 8.17 g of N2, and 2.64 g of H2?

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Calculate the molar mass of each gas: O_2, N_2, and H_2.
Convert the mass of each gas to moles using the formula: \( \text{moles} = \frac{\text{mass}}{\text{molar mass}} \).
Sum the moles of all gases to find the total moles in the mixture.
Calculate the mole fraction of N_2 using the formula: \( \text{mole fraction of N}_2 = \frac{\text{moles of N}_2}{\text{total moles}} \).
Express the mole fraction as a decimal.

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Mole Fraction

Mole fraction is a way of expressing the concentration of a component in a mixture. It is defined as the ratio of the number of moles of a specific component to the total number of moles of all components in the mixture. This dimensionless quantity helps in understanding the composition of gas mixtures and is crucial for calculations involving partial pressures and gas laws.
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Mole Fraction Formula

Calculating Moles from Mass

To find the mole fraction, one must first convert the mass of each gas into moles using the formula: moles = mass (g) / molar mass (g/mol). The molar mass is a characteristic property of each substance, allowing for the determination of how many moles are present in a given mass. This step is essential for accurately calculating the mole fractions of the gases in the mixture.
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Molar Mass Calculation Example

Total Moles in a Mixture

The total number of moles in a mixture is the sum of the moles of all individual components. Once the moles of each gas are calculated, they are added together to find the total moles. This total is necessary for determining the mole fraction of each component, as it serves as the denominator in the mole fraction formula, ensuring that the fractions represent the correct proportions of each gas in the mixture.
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Mole Fraction Formula
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